Hypertension is doubly annoying. Not only it can cause problems by itself, during acute exacerbations of hypertension, but in addition, its ongoing or repeated arterial system degrades it, and serious complications. Whether therefore short term or long-term high blood pressure should not be neglected.

Complications in the short term
When the figures are very high levels, it is called hypertension severe or very severe. If blood pressure rises sharply numbers above 25 for systolic and 13 diastolic, the risk is the appearance of an "acute hypertensive crisis.

The symptoms are primarily neurological. They involve convulsions (such as seizures), vomiting and headache very violent. In extreme cases, unconsciousness or coma may occur, and a massive brain haemorrhage which is then responsible for stroke colitis (unlike the cerebral clot blocking an artery) with consequent severe neurological signs such as hemiplegia (loss of motor control of half the body and loss of language).

The severe hypertension can also cause acute pulmonary edema. The lung can not fight against such pressure and the blood drains poorly, which causes an accumulation of fluid in the lungs and respiratory major. Pulmonary edema is manifested by a feeling of suffocation and oppression.

In less severe hypertensive crisis where blood pressure is lower, there may be bleeding from the nose, tightness in the chest. Sometimes, multiple and repeated attacks of high blood pressure cause small stroke, Which can sometimes go unnoticed and during short can cause damage to the brain.

Of course you need emergency treatment such severe hypertensive surges, and preferably in Intensive Care. This is to reduce the tension quickly by intravenous medications to prevent severe acute complications. In case of acute pulmonary edema are also given diuretic therapy to remove the liquid. Subsequently, we seek the causes of hypertension and long-term treatment will be instituted.

The long-term complications
In general, hypertension abyss gradually arteries, which can cause many complications throughout the body, especially since often other risk factors are involved such as cholesterol, smoking, obesity and age. Firstly, the arteries of the brain are among the most affected. We can have two types of strokes, namely hemorrhagic stroke (which we just mentioned), which is less frequent, and ischemic stroke (blood can more brain as one of the arteries brain was blocked). The stroke may have different implications, the simple loss of traction on a limb, which regresses completely, hemiplegia or death (there are about 20% of cardiovascular deaths in the United States who are due to stroke brain).
Then, the heart can be achieved. Indeed, increasing the pressure and stiffness of damaged arteries, compel to force to evacuate the blood throughout the body. Like any muscle, it increases in volume and oxygen requirements also increase. At some point, the oxygen requirements are not insured and there is a risk of angina pectoris or themyocardial infarction. By the end of the race, the heart may even be tired to the point where he eventually expand and no longer fulfill its role of pump, which can lead to accumulation of blood in the lungs and pulmonary edema (but by Another mechanism in the acute hypertension).
All arteries may be affected, but in particular, the kidney is an organ that suffers most, leading to a renal the kidneys can no longer maintain proper function of waste disposal. About 90% of people with renal failure have a history of hypertension. Ultimately, the kidney may become terminal and lead to dialysis (artificial kidney). It is very important to understand that hypertension is more important, more renal function deteriorates. Renal failure is simply tracks the assay of creatinine in the blood.

In all, at all times and throughout the body that hypertension exerts its adverse effects, even if they are not always visible at the beginning (renal failure does not hurt), d ' where to bring attention to monitoring the treatment of hypertension.